Revenge of the Dinosaurs

BT revenues for the period ended 31 March 2008 grew two percent year-over-year to GBP5.4 billion (USD10.5 billion), slightly better than expected, thanks to an increase in revenues from what BT refers to as "new wave" services.

New wave revenues, built on broadband and corporate IT services, were up nine percent at GBP2.3 billion and now account for over 40 percent of total revenues.

Not so many years ago the key story was access line attrition. These days, the story is about how fast new services are being created to replace dwindling revenue streams.

And while derided as "dinosaurs," tier one providers for the most part are showing that they can adapt to an environment many simply concluded would kill them.

Mobile Social Networking Highest in U.K., U.S.

Mobile social networking is highest in the United States and United Kingdom, The Nielsen Company says.

In the United Kingdom, approximately 810,000 mobile subscribers, or 1.7 percent of all mobile subscribers in the country, visited social networking websites on their mobile phones in the first quarter of 2008. That reach percentage was twice as high as it was in other major European markets, though similar to the United States, where 1.6 percent of all mobile subscribers (4.1 million in all) accessed social networks via their phones in December 2007. For more details on mobile social networking access by country, see the chart below.

In the U.S. market, MySpace.com is the most popular mobile Internet social networking site. The site logged 2.8 million unique mobile users in December 2007.

Also in December, Facebook, which has the second largest audience among social networking sites, had 1.8 million unique mobile users. In contrast, Facebook led mobile social networking sites in the U.K. with 557,000 unique mobile users per month in Q1 2008, while MySpace followed with 211,000 unique mobile users.

While Facebook and MySpace.com were also among the top social networking sites in other European countries during the first quarter of 2008, MSN’s Windows Live Spaces led in Italy (154,000 unique mobile users per month) and France (106,000), and ranked second in Germany (45,000) behind MySpace, which boasted 52,000 unique mobile users per month.

4G: Lead App Might Not be the Business Model

Some statements are astounding first by their seeming ordinariness; others by their seeming incongruousness. For anybody who has watched telecommunications, one of the safest observations, irrespective of year, is that billions of people have never once made a phone call.

So when Ericsson President and Chief Executive Officer Carl-Henric Svanberg says the company vision is "now that basically anyone who wants a mobile phone will soon be able to have one," it is a stunning reminder of just how much has changed in the global communications.

"We envision an all-communicating world where the majority of people everywhere will have access to information and the ability to share it instantly, whenever and wherever they want," Svanberg says. You might find that an unremarkable statement as applied to residents of North America, Europe or Japan. You might be surprised to know that Svanberg really means a majority of people everywhere.

"We aim to do the same for broadband what we have already done for telephony: make it mobile, available and affordable for the majority of the world’s population," he says..

Ericsson also anticipates that by 2013, there will be some 6.5 billion mobile subscriptions and over two and a half billon broadband subscriptions of which more than two-thirds will be mobile. That flip--many more mobile than fixed users--will not surprise anybody who follows the industry. The magnitude of wireless broadband accounts just might.

One might argue that mobile these days is the way people prefer to "talk." Svenberg says mobile also will be the way they prefer to use the Internet and, by implication, large amount of media and entertainment consumption as well.

When Svenberg notes that "users expect to be connected wherever they are," that's pretty much a statement of conventional wisdom these days. When he says "we will also be more personalized," it's doubtful Svenberg could get a dissenting view.

There's perhaps more chance of disagreement--mostly over magnitude--when he says "we will all be content providers and creators." Keep in mind that depending on how far one wishes to take the matter, Twitter and other "where are you know, and what are you doing?" posts are content. So are blog posts.

In another example of developing consensus, Svenberg says "we will be a world of connected devices." That's the machine-to-machine frontier mobile executives now talk about when saying mobile penetration could grow to 500 percent or six hundred percent.

"So far the prime target has been the household and the business," he says. "With mobile telephony we were targeting people." But mobile broadband is about connecting devices as well.

"Our ambition is to do for mobile broadband what we already have done for telephony," he says.

Of course, there are more-practical observations as well. To some extent, new networks are financially justified by the size of new revenue streams that can be created by the networks. Though digital networks were said to improve voice quality over analog first generation networks, more than add new services, by the time we get to 2.5G networks, new messaging services clearly are on the agenda.

Broadband 3G networks more centrally were said to be platforms for new services, though progress to date has been less robust than its backers had anticipated. Coming 4G networks likewise are said to enable many new services 3G networks cannot provide.

That will be true, of course. It also is true that as older generations of networks are decommissioned, the older traffic types are similarly rolled up onto the newer networks. Which leads one to note that no matter what executives say about the matter, the stated unique value of each new network is financially buttressed by revenues from older services that are rolled up onto the new networks.

When fixed broadband was yet a young business, people incessantly looked for the killer app for that service. As it turns out, broadband is itself the killer app. Still, for some providers, an argument could have been made that voice was the killer app.

More currently, some might argue entertainment video is the killer app. The point is that older revenue streams wind up buttressing the business cases for newer networks, irrespective of what executives might claim is the unique value--and business model behind--those networks.

What might be fair is to note that each new generation of networks is touted as featuring, and ultimately does feature, some new class of applications that the older networks cannot support. That's not the same thing as saying any of the new networks will achieve a successful business case based strictly on the lead application. In fact, all the new networks are multi-service networks, with revenue from any number of applications.

There might be signature apps. Texting probably has been the signature 2G app. Mobile Web probably will develop as the signature 3G app. These days 4G networks are said to be about machine-to-machine apps. There will be signature apps. Ultimately, though, the financial underpinning will be all the legacy apps that contribute to the business case.

Comcast Acquires Plaxo

Comcast is acquiring Plaxo, presumably to further integrate social media, based on address books and the social application Pulse, into Comcast applications.

Plaxo will remain an independent operation in Silicon Valley, reporting into Comcast Interactive Media, which is a division of Comcast that develops and operates Internet businesses focused on entertainment, information and communication.

Plaxo says it already has on its road map projects to socially enable the Comcast media experience on the Comcast.net portal, Fancast and Fandango as well as content on TV screens.

Plaxo already provides the universal address book for Comcast’s SmartZone communications center, and now also hosts all of the address book accounts for Comcast Web mail users.

Plaxo suggests it will help Comcast make “social media” a natural part of the lives of regular people, not just early adopters. Plaxo suggests applications will include the ability to securely post family photos online in Pulse and have them viewable by any of your family members, whether they are online, at work, on their mobile device, or in their living room watching TV.

Comcast also will use Plaxo to create recommendation engines that allow viewers to find new content.

Consider this an example of how social media is a feature, not a business model in its own right.

Ad Skipping: Tall Tales

Some some say they use their DVRs to skip all ads, a recent survey that suggests 100 percent of males in the 55 to 64 age bracket skip all ads is an improbable story.

Approximately 30 percent of online Americans, ages 12 to 64, own or subscribe to a TiVo or a DVR service from their cable or satellite company. And some amount of ad skipping does occur in a fair number of those homes, one has to assume.

But perhaps we should not take literally what some people say they do.

When asked whether they skip ads 100 percent of the time, 52 percent of men ages 55 to 64 said they do, according to research conducted by Frank N. Magid Associates. By comparison, only 21 percent of males ages 12 to 17 report skipping ads all of the time.

There are, to be sure, other studies that suggest ads are more likely to be skipped when time-delayed content is watched. You might ask yourself whether human beings you know tend to do so. You might also ask whether you have seen users--watching content in real time--behave so aggressively that all ads are skipped.

That some people might skip all ads is possible. It probably does happen in some cases. Anecdotally, I'd have to say I've never actually seen a human being behave that way. But then, most human beings I know watch only some time-delayed content. Most of the viewing still occurs in real time, and other studies suggest the amount of ad skipping is far mroe prevalent for time-delayed material.

"Happiness" Doesn't Predict Loyalty

Customer satisfaction, while important, is not the most-important measure of customer loyalty. In fact, even customers who say they are satisfied are not necessarily "loyal." The converse also now appears to be true. Even "dissatisfied" customers are not "disloyal."

Verizon, for example, gets higher satisfaction ratings than AT&T. But when asked whether they plan to switch providers, Verzon has just a one point lead over AT&T in the loyalty area. Changewave analysts think the Apple iPhone is the reason.

Verizon, the perennial leader in customer satisfaction among cellular service providers, earned a 42 percent "very satisfied" rating in ChangeWave's latest cell phone survey.

Tied for second were AT&T and T-Mobile, each with a 28 percent "very satisfied" rating. As a result, you might conclude, Verizon customers should less likely to defect to another provider. And, to be sure, only 10 percent of its current customers reported they plan to switch to another cellular provider.

But although saying they are less satisfied, AT&T customers who say they plan to switch carrier is just 11 percent. More surprising is the finding that 28 percent of users plan to switch to AT&T over the next 90 days, compared to the 22 percent who plan to switch to Verizon.

Presumably a new customer cannot yet have formed an opinion about the quality of a service. BSo the "switch to" data probably does not provide much indication of user expectations about the quality of service.

The switch indications would fit nicely, though, with an argument that a specific device is pulling new users into wanting a relationship with a carrier.

The Apple iPhone, which looks set to capture more than a third of smart phone sales during the next 90 days, is the answer. Customers are fanatically loyal to the device.

All of which ought to suggest a couple of really important implications. Measuring and creating "customer happiness" does not provide protection against churn. Even happy customers in the wireless and other areas show a marked willingness to churn.

The other thing is the clearly-growing importance of devices as the "thing" determining loyalty and churn resistance. People don't care about their "service providers." They care lots more about their devices.

Vapps: HD Rather than High Speed

Vapps has adopted High-Definition Conferencing as its new brand, replacing High-Speed Conferencing. The change makes sense. HD is a huge consumer value proposition, and one that they understand. "High speed" is a provider attribute, and enough people now use "high speed" services to recognize that quality varies.

“We want to let everyone know Vapps is raising the bar on sound quality in audioconferencing because we’re the only conferencing company able to give users a "high definition" audio experience through Skype, while still admitting participants on any kind of phone,” says Vapps CEO Ben Lilienthal.

“When we speak, our voices produce sound in the 20 Kilohertz (KHz) range and our ears hear 20 KHz, but the copper wiring of traditional telephone networks supports only 3.5 KHz. Our High-Definition Conferencing operates in the 16 KHz range for Skype audioconferencing, a quality difference you can easily hear. At the same time, we conference in traditional telecom users, so that no one is excluded.

Declining Teen Discretionary Spending

Economic sluggishness now is hitting teenager discretionary spending. Total teen spending on fashion declined nearly 20 percent on a year-to-year basis, indicating a "discretionary recession," says Piper Jaffray senior research analyst Jeff Klinefelter.

The survey results, from mall research and classroom visits across the United States, as well as 4,500 online survey responses, shows that total spending trends were weakest for young men with a 15 percent year-over-year decline versus an 11 percent year-over-year decline for young women.

While the fashion category represents 41 percent of the total teen budget in the survey, the retail research team notes this allocation is low compared with the past several years.

Klinefelter says "the current economic challenges are impacting consumers at all income levels and ages, indicated by the low level of average planned spending in the fashion category this spring."

$99.99 Plans Not Cannibalizing Revenue

Based on the most recent first quarter results from Verizon and AT&T, one would have to conclude that the $99.99 monthly unlimited calling plans introduced in February have not cannibalized revenue.

Verizon reports that 13 percent of its new customers opted for the plan while AT&T had four percent of customers choosing the plan.

Since the number of total users paying $100 or more has been in low single digits, at least as reported by Verizon, it seems clear enough that most customers are trading up the $99.99 plans rather than downgrading from more-expensive plans.

Analysts feared a new price war, but carrier executives seemed to have done their homework on this, and predicted the reaction. Heck, they've probably exceeded their expectations. The bottom line was protecting their base of heavy users.

It now appears the $99.99 plans are adding to the base of higher-average-revenue-per-user customers.

One has to careful making cross-country comparisons, but it appears that Japan's NTT user base is talking less than they used to in 2000, though mobile talking appears still to be growing.

One possible outcome of the $99.99 plans is that more people are going to be tempted to "cut the cord" and abandon their landlines, as one of the obvious problems with wireless substitution is that the added call volume can require a shift to a calling plan containing more minutes.

The $99.99 plans take care of that problem.

Widgets Emerge as Ad Venue

So far, social network ad spending is about as concentrated as search advertising is. MySpace alone gets 53 percent. Add in Facebook and two companies control 72 percent of all social network advertising.

It is interesting that widgets have emerged as the only identifiable category among the "other" sites that get some advertising support.

Social Networking Doesn't Drive That Much Advertising

Social networks aren't yet driving a huge amount of online advertising, and might not, say analysts at eMarketer.

An Advantage for Cloud Computing

Come to think of it, computing in the cloud, as a service, might have some important implications for software distribution and use. Piracy, for example, might be far less a problem.

Although piracy of software on personal computers declined in many countries in 2007, fast growing PC markets in some of the world’s highest piracy nations caused overall numbers to worsen—a trend that is expected to continue. Moreover, dollar losses from piracy rose by $8 billion to nearly $48 billion, according to the Business Software Alliance.

Of the 108 countries included in the report, the use of pirated software dropped in 67, and rose in only eight. However, because the worldwide PC market grew fastest in high-piracy countries, the worldwide PC software piracy rate increased by three percentage points to 38 percent in 2007.

“By the end of 2007, there were more than 1 billion PCs installed around the world, and close to half had pirated, unlicensed software on them,” says John Gantz, chief research officer at IDC.

Among the nations studied, Russia led the way with a one-year drop of seven points to 73 percent, and a five-year drop of 14 points. Russia’s piracy rate is still high, but it is decreasing at a fast pace as a result of legalization programs, government engagement and enforcement, user education, and an improved economy.

The three lowest-piracy countries were the United States (20 percent), Luxembourg (21 percent), and New Zealand (22 percent). The three highest-piracy countries were Armenia (93 percent), Bangladesh (92 percent), and Azerbaijan (92 percent).

For some observers, that might suggest a generally non-touted advantage for Web-based and cloud computing. Users cannot steal software that isn't there.

EarthLink Shuts Philadelphia Metro Wi-Fi Net

EarthLink is terminating its Philadelphia Wi-Fi service, after failing to reach agreement with the City of Philadelphia and a non-profit organization to transfer to either the City or to the non-profit the entire $17 million Wi-Fi network, for free, as well as pay cash and donate new Wi-Fi equipment.

EarthLink will continue to provide Wi-Fi service to its customers in Philadelphia during a transition period that will end on June 12, 2008. EarthLink will begin decommissioning the network shortly after the transition period.

That's the story these days: Municipal Wi-Fi is so unattractive a business proposition that assets cannot even be given away.

New Android Apps

Silicon Alley blogger Vasanth Sridharan picks five Google Android applications deemed especially cool or useful.

Android Scan scans barcodes on any book or CD when a user is in a store and will pulls up Amazon reviews. The application also will check local library listings to see if the book is available to check out.

CookingCapsules allows users to look up recipes, find a store nearby to get groceries, and provides step-by-step cooking directions.

Eco2Go calculates the carbon footprint a user leaves every time he or she takes a trip, and buys carbon credits to offset the impact.

Locale is a user preferences tool that automatically adjusts ringing or call forwarding rules when a user is in certain locations. At the office, the phone automatically goes on silent. At home, it automatically re-routes calls to a land line.

TuneWiki is a karaoke application and music player for the Android phone.

Online Ad Prices Falling

PubMatic's Web site ad price index indicates that the economic slowdown in the United States is beginning to affect the online advertising industry, with overall monetization dropping by 23 percent. The PubMatic AdPrice Index is based on data from over 3,000 publishers and billions of ad impressions.

The PubMatic AdPrice Index revealed surprising weakness in monetization for the vast majority of Web sites.
Large Web sites fared the worst while small Web sites managed to maintain their monetization rates. eCPMs for large Web sites (more than 100 million page views per month) dropped dramatically by 52 percent from 38 cents in March to 18 cents April. Medium Web sites (1 million to 100 million page views per month) were nearly flat, with monetization dropping from 34 cents in March to 33 cents in April. Small Web sites managed to improve their monetization, increasing from $1.18 in March to $1.29 in April.

82% Internet Pentration and Rising

Roughly one fifth of all U.S. heads-of-household have never used email, according to Parks Associates. That's not even close to being the most significant implication, though. If the Parks survey data can be extrapolated to the whole population, and Parks Associates believes it can, then Internet subscriptions now reach 82 percent of U.S. consumers.

The most recent annual phone survey of U.S. households found 20 million households are without Internet access, approximately 18 percent of all U.S. households.

“Nearly one out of three household heads has never used a computer to create a document,” says John Barrett, director, research, Parks Associates.

The Parks Associates poll found seven percent of the 20 million “disconnected” homes plan to subscribe to an Internet service within the next 12 months. And "Internet resisters" continue to dwindle.

At year-end 2006, 29 percent of all U.S. households (31 million homes) did not have Internet access. So 11 million more homes have gone online over the past year, if the Parks data can be extrapolated.

One half of those who have never used email are older than 65, and 56 percent had no schooling beyond high school.

User Generated Video Growing Faster than Expected

Because of significant growth in the Chinese market, In-Stat researchers have revised upwards their forecasts for user-generated video use and revenue.

Total worldwide UGV revenue is expected to eclipse U.S. $1.19 billion by 2012. In-Stat projects 160 billion UGV videos will be viewed in 2012.

Individuals who use mobile phones to participate in online video sites are most likely to contribute to the market, both financially and in terms of content, In-Stat argues.

HBO for iTunes?

There are lots of rumors about a possible earlier release of the 3G iPhone as shortages build and we approach the June 2008 date when a 3G-capable iPhone will be released. Something else that actually is more important might also be happening at a faster pace, though.

Since most video viewing is substituted for some other mode (you might watch a movie at a theater, or on a DVD, or as video on demand, or on a premium channel or on broadcast TV), changes in the "release windows" that dictate when each delivery mode can get the content also have the effect of shifting revenue shares within the ecosystem.

According to a report published by Conde Naste Portfolio, Apple is on the verge of offering HBO original programs on iTunes. The programming, which would include hits like the Sopranos and Deadwood, offered at a premium to the standard $1.99 an episode fee.

If true, the deal will be a break in tradition as much for HBO as for Apple, and provide further evidence of a quickening pace of "release window" modifications that have more content going to some form of digital delivery.

As release windows change, so do the financial and contractual agreements that govern when content can be made available. That, more than anything else, will determine how successful downloads, streaming and video on demand can become.

Up to this point HBO has been a nearly-complete hold out in the digital and streaming venue. It now is testing streaming for its current subscribers, but has completely avoided any availability for non-subscribers.

Media Consumption: TV Leads, Internet Grows

Adult consumers in the United States still spend more time in front of televisions than they do online, according to a survey sponsored by the Television Bureau of Advertising industry association and conducted by Nielsen Media Research.

Survey respondents ages 18 to 34 spent over an hour per day more watching TV than they spent more time watching TV than they did in online pursuits, the study found. The gap between time spent online and time spent watching TV is closing, however.

In January 2008, TVB found that 18 to 34 year-olds spent 60.6 minutes more watching TV per day (206.0 minutes) than they did online (145.4 minutes). That is down from June 2006, when the gap was 137.4 minutes: 246.7 minutes for TV and 109.3 minutes online. Moreover, TV time decreased while Internet time increased.

A separate study by JupiterResearch and Ipsos Insight reported results in more discrete age groups and found that TV use actually trailed Internet use among the youngest consumers. As of August 2007, US consumers in the 18 to 24 year-old range went online an average of two more hours per week than they spent watching TV.

Neither study specifically addressed multitasking, which can be significant, especially among younger consumers.

"Young people rarely use just one medium at a time," says Debra Aho Williamson, senior analyst at eMarketer. "Often, when they are online, they’ll have TV or music on in the background."

One might be skeptical about a couple elements of both surveys. The TVB study suggests that adults between 18 and 34 spend 115.6 minutes a day listening to the radio.

The Jupiter and Ipsos survey suggests adults 18 to 24 spend three hours a week listening to the radio.

My totally unscientific experience is that none of my 18 to 24 year olds spend any time at all listening to the radio. For similar reasons, I am somewhat skeptical about "time spent in front of the TV."

Verizon DSL: Changing Metrics

As markets change, so do metrics. It used to make sense to count "access lines." Not any longer. These days it makes more sense to count "revenue generating units." And at least in Verizon's case, it is starting to make less sense to count "digital subscriber lines," as FiOS increasingly becomes the lead broadband access product.

To be sure, broadband access markets also are nearing saturation. Most customers who want broadband already buy it. But as Verizon replaces copper plant with FiOS, DSL connections will decline, to be replaced with optical connections.

IGI Consulting points out that Verizon's rate of net additions of DSL subscribers has been slowing for a couple of years. Again, some of that is market saturation, some of it is FiOS replacement. But rates of increase for any product slow as demand is satisfied. Rates also decrease when product substitutes are offered.

In the first quarter of 2008 Verizon FiOS TV customers accelerated to 263,000, a sequential increase of 16 percent. Verizon now has more than 1.2 million FiOS TV customers,19 percent penetration of marketable homes. Over the past year Verizon has added more than 850,000 FiOS customers.

Total broadband subscribers, including DSL plus FiOS internet increased to 8.5 million up 1.1 million or 15 percent from a year ago. Verizon added 266,000 broadband customers in the quarter. FiOS Internet access customers now represent over 1.8 million subscribers, representing 23 percent penetration of marketable homes.

U.S. Internet Video Watching up 64% Year over Year

U.S. Internet users viewed 11.5 billion online videos during March 2008, representing a 13-percent gain versus February and a 64-percent gain compared to March 2007 viewing, according to comScore.

Google Sites again ranked as the top U.S. video property with more than 4.3 billion videos viewed (38 percent share), gaining 2.6 share points over February. YouTube.com accounted for 98 percent of all videos viewed at Google Sites.

Fox Interactive Media ranked second with 477 million videos (4.2 percent), followed by Yahoo! Sites with 328 million (2.9 percent) and Viacom Digital with 249 million (2.2 percent).

Nearly 139 million U.S. Internet users watched an average of 83 videos per viewer in March. Google Sites also attracted the most viewers (85.7 million), where they watched an average of 51 videos per person. Fox Interactive attracted the second most viewers (54.3 million), followed by Yahoo! Sites (37.5 million) and Viacom Digital (26.6 million).

Altogether, 73.7 percent of the total U.S. Internet audience viewed online video during March, comScore says. The average online video duration was 2.8 minutes and the average online video viewer watched 235 minutes of video.

The Internet is Changing

It is said one of the three largest U.S. cable operators now is using technology from Procera Networks to classify and prioritize packets on a much more granular basis than simple Multi-Protocol Label Switching would imply.

Traffic shaping, though some object to its use, seems not to be an optional practice anymore, as the Internet increasingly is asked to supply real-time services such as voice, video and audio that are tough to deliver with assured quality.

That's a big change for the Internet, to be sure. But it seems an irreversible change, precisely because the Internet and other IP networks now are asked to support real-time services that require quality of service control.

Procera Networks announced availability of the PacketLogic PL10000, the latest in the PacketLogic family of deep packet inspection products and said to be the industry's highest-performance DPI platform, with four times the capacity of its nearest competitor.With up to 80Gbps of throughput, PacketLogic PL10000 is purpose-built with tier one broadband network deployments in mind.

Generally available now, the PacketLogic PL10000 already has four service provider customers from around the world and is currently operating in production networks, said to include at least one of the largest three U.S. cable networks.

Procera Networks systems are used by universities and colleges to manage recreational Internet use at times of peak load, prioritizing academic applications. Some university users say compliance with copyright laws is another reason the Procera Networks solution makes sense.

There's a broader issue here. The Procera approach is in line with thinking that it is not enough to prioritize broad classes of applications. According to a developing line of thinking, service providers need to categorize and control specific applications and specific Web sites, or possibly specific users at specific times of day, not simply "real time" traffic or "email" or "file transfers.

That of course will strike some observers as a dangerous violation of historic Internet "anybody can connect to anybody" norms. But the Internet is changing, not least because users want high-quality voice, video and audio performance, and packet classification is a major tool to allow that sort of choice.

There are, to be sure, anti-competitive implications if an access provider wants to behave that way. One has to assume market forces and governmental action will dampen those impulses.

No doubt about it: the Internet is changing.

Sprint loses 1 Million Customers Last Quarter

Sprint Nextel CEO Dan Hesse thinks the hits to operating income will stabilize by the end of 2008, so it is going to be a long year. Hesse declines to comment on speculation about a Nextel spin off, saying only that it might be complicated for technical reasons related to the way the company manages the separate Sprint and Nextel networks.

Tackling the churn problem is the number one job for the rest of the year, as day-to-day management of the WiMAX initiative will be handled by Clearwire executives.

Mobile Internet: More Messaging than Content

Communications--in the form of social networking--might be more important than content for the developing mobile Internet use. Or at least that's what analysts at Informa suggest.

Mobile social networking is based more on communication than content, the thinking goes. Time and again, communication services have led the way for content and advertising to follow, Informa argues. In the case of the Internet, it was e-mail and discussion boards—not Web pages—that triggered the explosion from early adoption to mainstream consumer use. In the mobile arena, the first really successful data service was text messaging. Short message service services drove mobile data use and they still account for the majority of mobile data revenues by carriers.

According to February 2008 research by Informa, the global market for all current forms of paid mobile entertainment should reach $31.7

billion by 2012. That's a lower forecast than predicted in 2006, when Informa suggested paid mobile entertainment would reach $42 billion by 2011.

In the U.S. market alone, mobile data service revenues reached $23 billion in 2007, according to industry trade group CTIA. Mobile messaging for SMS/MMS/IM/e-mail worldwide is expected to be between $100 billion and $200 billion by 2011.

Email Communities: 1.3 Billion Accounts

It might be over-reaching to describe every population of application users as an actual community, but each might be considered a passive, or potential community.
And much as instant messaging platforms frequently are referred to as creating social networks, so email communities in some ways also create the foundation for social networks of extremely large size.

The leading email providers in the U.S. market, for example, can claim as much as 1.3 billion accounts.

Is Social Networking a Videogame?

Dean Takahashi of VentureBeat asks a good question: "Is Facebook a video game?" The question is of immediate importance for the video game industry. "Funware," applications with game-like mechanics and game-like behavior, just might steal the thunder from video games, which may no longer have a monopoly on either interactivity or fun, Takahashi argues.

Web-based social interaction is changing the way that many people entertain themselves. Ask anybody who has discovered that Facebook is a "time waster."

Funware includes applications such as eBay, which made it fun to earn rewards as a competitive buyer or seller on its auction site. The term may also be applied to alternate-reality games such as “ilovebees.com,” where masses of players collectively solved a mystery about an invasion of earth.

The Google Image Labeler, created by Carnegie Mellon University researcher Luis von Ahn, is built around a game where two people try to simultaneously label an image and, without being able to communicate, try to come up with the same label for the image as the other person. The game also helps Google improve the accuracy of its image searches.

Flickr traces its origins to game industry veterans Stewart Butterfield and Caterina Fake, whose team stumbled upon photo-sharing while they were trying to make a game.

One of the ominous things for the video game industry is that almost none of these Funware ideas or businesses have come from game companies, which are now failing to catch on to an expansion opportunity, says Takahashi.

Funware game mechanics include things like leader boards, tournament challenges, ratings systems, badges for accomplishments, levels, and other things that can boost user engagement. Users find these features enticing because they elevate the user’s status in the eyes of the community.

Mediacom Upgrades to 20 Mbps

Anybody who thinks high-speed Internet access is not being offered to rural customers should take note: Mediacom Communications, which serves 1,500 non-metro communities scattered throughout 23 states, is upgrading its top of the line 15 Mbps service to 20Mbps downstream, 2Mbps upstream, by the end of June 2008.

That isn't to say rural penetration is as high as it is in urban or suburban areas, or that the number of providers is greater or that speeds are higher.

It is to say that rural providers know they've got to do better, and most executives at most companies have plans to upgrade.

Analysts Knock New Clearwire

Some financial analysts don't like prospects for the new Clearwire, says Eric Savitz Barron's writer. Savitz notes that Citigroup’s Michael Rollins dropped his rating on Clearwire to "sell" from "hold," because the stock now trades at a “substantial premium” to fair value, which he puts at $13 a share, down from a previous estimate of $17.

Skype Competitor? Carrier Voice Peering?

AT&T, in conjunction with some 10-15 incumbent telecom carriers, said to include British Telecom, Deutsche Telecom and NTT among them, is plotting to launch a Skype competitor, according to ThinkEquity analyst Anton Wahlman.

It's a speculation at this point, but note that BT has discontinued its original BT Communicator and is rolling out a new soft client on May 28, which removes free calling functionality to people who are not users of the new BT soft client, using BT broadband access.

At the very least, the move suggests an attempt to tie soft client use to BT's broadband access service, which also would be a logical move for any broader consortium of carriers. Basically, it would be a big move into voice peering.

Some observers say carriers will have a hard time creating such a venture. Others say disruption, even to such a popular application as Skype, is less a hurdle than many think.

To answer the obvioius objection that carriers will not want to cannibalize their own long distance calling revenues, the requirement to buy broadband access from one of the participating peering members is the answer. Lost revenues on global long distance hopefully are balanced by increased uptake and reduced churn for carrier broadband offerings.

TalkPlus Next for Dead Company List?

Om Malik says TalkPlus is in danger of tanking. Michael Toepel, who was the CEO, recently left after the company failed to get new investment to keep it going, Malik notes.

Cbeyond Illustrates Channel Trend

Cbeyond's experience selling Microsoft applications and BlackBerry wireless services illustrates a trend in sales of telecom-related products. As it turns out, increased product complexity, and a broader range of new products, is leading to disproportionate sales results. To be specific, most of Cbeyond's application and wireless sales are made either by its direct sales force or by more-technical solution providers, rather than by Cbeyond's other channel partners.

That matches with what most service providers report: that IP services require more technical knowledge, and possibly more technology capabilities, than has been the case in the past. That portends changes in channel partners. Namely, more reliance on value-added resellers and value-added distributors, consultants and system integrators; less reliance on other partners.

Cord Cutters Now 14% of U.S. Adult Users

About 14 percent of U.S. adults are cord-cutters, using wireless-only voice, up from about 10 percent in 2006. The percentage of adults with landline phones also has dropped slightly to 79 percent from 81 percent over the same period, according to Harris Interactive.

Vonage: Better News

Vonage's financial performance in its most-recent quarter was better than it has seen in some time. Revenue was up 15 percent year over year and up four percent sequentially. The company reported positive operating income compared to a double-digit loss in the same quarter last year. Average revenue per user was up, both year over year and sequentially.

One might still question how well Vonage will do compared to cable VoIP customers, but the market is growing. According to Harris Interactive, VoIP use has increased to 15 percent of U.S. users.

Vonage also inked a deal with Covad allowing Vonage to offer a dual-play offer including 3 Mbps or 6 Mbps digital subscriber line service in addition to voice. It isn't immediately clear how many potential customers will want to use Covad's "voice optimized" access, but that will improve user perception of voice quality.

Vonage Holdings Corp. recorded revenue in its first quarter 2008 up 15 percent from $196 million in the first quarter 2007 and up four percent sequentially, driven by an increase in subscriber lines and higher average revenue per user. Vonage also reported a GAAP net loss of $9 million, down from a loss of $72 million in the first quarter 2007.

Adjusted operating income was $8 million in the quarter, a significant improvement from an adjusted operating loss of $58 million in the year-ago quarter.

Average monthly revenue per line in the first quarter 2008 was $28.85, up from $28.31 in the year-ago quarter and $28.19 reported in the fourth quarter 2007. Average monthly telephony services revenue per line for the quarter increased to $27.87, up from $27.36 reported a year ago and up from $27.42 sequentially.

On a per line basis, average direct cost of telephony services was $7.26, down from $8.03 in the year ago quarter and up from $7.11 sequentially.

Direct cost of goods sold was $22 million, up from $13 million in the year-ago quarter and $17 million in the prior quarter as the Company utilized a large portion of its remaining inventory of higher cost CPE devices. Direct marginn remained flat year-over-year at 65 percent.

Selling, general and administrative expense was $79 million, down from $91 million in the year-ago quarter, and flat sequentially.

Marketing expense for the quarter was $61 million, or 27 percent of revenue, down sharply from $91 million, or 46 percent of revenue, a year ago, and down from $63 million, or 29 percent of revenue, sequentially.

Marketing cost per gross subscriber line addition was $216 in the first quarter 2008, down from $273 in the year-ago quarter and $223 sequentially.

The company expects SLAC to increase in the second quarter, consistent with prior year seasonal trends. Vonage expects to gradually increase marketing expenditures in the second half of 2008 to accelerate growth but continues to expect the cost of acquisition to fall within $225-$250 for the full year 2008.

Vonage added 30,000 net subscriber lines in the first quarter 2008 and finished the quarter with more than 2.6 million lines in service.

Vonage also announced a relationship with Covad whereby Vonage will offer a DSL service to both residential and small business customers. The Company expects this new service, called Vonage Broadband, to be available to customers by the end of the year.

Average monthly customer churn increased to 3.3 percent in the first quarter 2008 from three percent in the fourth quarter 2007. The company says it believes it has improved customer service enough that lower churn will result, in the second quarter.

85.9 Million U.S. Social Networkers This Year

eMarketer forecasts that mobile social networking will grow from 82 million users in 2007 to over 800 million worldwide by 2012.

"This population will comprise current online social networkers who are extending their digital lives to mobile as well as a growing number of mobile-only social networkers," says John du Pre Gauntt, eMarketer senior analyst.

In fact, mobile might be the best way to interact with social networks, if you think about it. Since much social networking is about where you are and what you are doing, it makes sense that the always-with-you mobile is going to spur more-frequent interactions. It's somewhat akin to what happened with picture taking when mobiles routinely were outfitted with cameras. People started taking more pictures.

For example, MySpace recorded over seven million unique visitors to MySpace Mobile in the United States in the six months since launch. "It wasn't until we rolled out m.myspace.com that we got a sense of how powerful demand was for MySpace on cell phones," says Brandon Lucas, MySpace senior director.

As the user base grows, marketing and sales professsionals will start to pay more attention to how to take advantage of the sharing effects.

iProvo Sells Network to Broadweave Networks

Provo, Utah's citywide fiberoptic network has been sold to Broadweave Networks, a local company that hopes to make a business out of triple-play services where Provo had not been able to do so. The network, called iProvo, was the largest municipally-owned fiber-to-the-premises network in the United States, reaching all 36,000 residences and businesses within the city.

Up to this point, Broadweave has served the Traverse Mountain planned community of 8,000 homes and 4.5 million square feet of office and retail space across 3,000 acres in Utah's technology belt. So the acquisition gives Broadweave about four times more homes passed than it currently has access to.

Broadweave will purchase the fiberoptic network for $40.6 million, which is enough to retire outstanding bonds incurred by Provo to build the system.

Under the terms of the deal, which is subject to municipal council approval, the city retains a license to use the network to connect city buildings, schools, and power infrastructure. Broadweave will operate as a retail provider, rather than as a wholesale provider of transport to third parties and says it will put more emphasis on services aimed at business customers.

One might draw several conclusions from iProvo's experience so far. Some will argue that overbuilders are going to have a tough time competing against both cable and telephone companies offering triple play services.

Others will say the sale shows municipalities really should not be running communication networks. Some will point to other fiber access networks in the Salt Lake City and Provo regions and argue that neither wholesale nor retail strategies have worked well.

The issue is what Broadweave's new management thinks it really can do to improve financial performance. One of the salient features of most networks serving entire communities is that there is an 80/20 rule for revenue. A small number of neighborhoods actually produce most of the revenue.

In fact, some studies suggest that as few as five to seven percent of neighborhoods of 500 homes or so produce half the revenue created by an entire citywide network. And the same sort of thing is true for business revenue as well. So it might not be so easy to boost revenues.

Broadweave will gain some scale benefits, though the difference between 8,000 and 44,000 might not be as large as you might think. Programming contracts won't be noticeably affected. There might still be a need for two headends. Installers can only do so many jobs a day. Some marketing and other overhead can be spread over a wider base of customers, of course.

Still, operating cost savings are unlikely to change the financial picture all that much. Only significant new sales volume is going to change the current iProvo financial model.

$10 Billion Annual Mobile Enterprise App Spending

More than 90 percent of enterprise mobile applications spending is now focused on mobile email and messaging, but the percentage of spending on mobilizing other critical enterprise applications -- many of them broadband-optimized -- will increase rapidly over the next five years, according to Pike & Fischer. The research house projects 2012 spending on mobilizing such applications as customer-relations management and sales-force automation will exceed $10 billion annually.

Add Jangl to the Dead Company List

Jangl, the Internet phone company is being closed down, after efforts to find a buyer failed. Most of the team are joining Jajah.

What Cable, Google Get from Clearwire, Sprint

Google and several cable operators got some goodies in addition to equity in the new Clearwire national WiMAX network. And the advantages do not come from WiMAX, but from the Sprint 3G network.

Briefly, Google apps (YouTube, Google Maps, Gmail) get premiere placement on some Sprint devices, while Google Web, local search and location information become the default options for Sprint data customers.

The cable operators become resellers of Sprint 3G services, including voice. So now the three operators will be able to construct quadruple play services. That is the more important development, as interesting as the Clearwire resale agreement is. In the near term, cable operators need a viable mobile voice option more than they need a future mobile broadband option.

To be sure, Google and the new cable investors will become resellers of the WiMAX network as well.

Google will partner with the new Clearwire in the development of Internet services, advertising services and applications for mobile WiMAX devices. In addition, Google will be the search provider and a preferred provider of other applications for the new Clearwire’s retail product. As an open network, anybody can "partner" with Clearwire to develop applications or supply devices. But Google is a "preferred" and "default" provider, which historically has real value in the mobile arena.

The new Clearwire will support Google’s Android operating system software in its future voice and data devices that it provides to its retail customers.

But Sprint and Google have also entered into an agreement whereby Google will become the default provider of web and local search services, both of which will be enabled with location information, for Sprint, as well.

Sprint will also preload several Google services, including Google Maps for mobile, Gmail and YouTube, on select mobile phones and provide easier access to other Google services.

Comcast, Time Warner Cable, and Bright House Networks will be resellers of Clearwire’s mobile WiMAX service. More important, over the near term, all three cable operators now will become wholesale retailers of all Sprint 3G services, including voice services.

Clearwire is getting the attention. But Sprint 3G will be where the action is.

Qwest 12 Mbps, 20 Mbps is Resonating

Of the 90,000 the net additions Qwest had for high-speed access in the most recent quarter, 13,000 (14 percent) of them were related to the new fiber-to-the-node build-out. You might think, "so what?"

Those customers were gotten in just 30 days, in the last month of the quarter, so it appears there is strong demand for a higher-speed (12 Mbps or 20 Mbps) product.

Qwest also appears to be readying an "over the top" video on demand service in conjunction with DirecTV, which already supplies Qwest linear entertainment video services. That would make perfect sense for both companies. DirecTV needs more bandwidth on the ground to serve up an effective VOD service, and Qwest has the bandwidth.

Qwest also has been an effective retail partner for DirecTV services, so the any new offer would make sense to consumers who already buy DirecTV from Qwest.

"We are hopeful to take advantage of video on demand with our DirecTV," Mueller says. Qwest is "preparing for the natural synergies between their video on demand product to launch this year and our investment in broadband capabilities."

And high-speed access prices will rise. "We will do price increases, that is our plan," says CEO Ed Mueller. The logical path is to create higher-speed tiers and then charge more for them. People understand that sort of packaging.

Qwest Report "Steady" Results

Under the current challenging circumstances, "typical" or "normal" performance is a good thing. And Qwest Communications International reported "steady operating results" for the first quarter of 2008. Adjusted EBITDA totaled $1.14 billion with adjusted EBITDA margins of 33.6 percent as data, Internet and video revenue grew by nine percent compared to the first quarter of 2007.

Broadband subscriptions were up 17 percent year-over-year while video subscribers were up 42 percent, year over year. Total data, Internet and video services revenue now represents nearly 40 percent of operating revenue.

The business market segment reported revenue of $995 million in the first quarter, up 3.1 percent year over year as data and Internet revenue grew 6.9 percent. Data and Internet revenue grew 29 percent over the same period a year ago.

Mass markets revenue was $1.48 billion in the quarter, a 0.7 percent decline compared to the prior year. Data, Internet and video revenue growth of 20.7 percent was offset by declines in both voice and wireless services.

Consumer average revenue per unit increased 7.8 percent to $55 from $51 a year ago. Qwest Broadband subscribers increased 90,000 in the quarter to reach 2.7 million, up 17.2 percent from a year ago.

Wholesale Markets reported revenue of $841 million in the quarter, down seven percent year over year largely due to long-distance revenue pricing and supplier consolidation. Data and Internet revenue was up three percent year over year.

Vodafone U.K. Lowers Data Barriers

Vodafone UK has created a new plan that aims to remove the barrier to use of mobile email and mobile Web access, allowing 500 megabytes of data use each month on plans costing GBP 25 or more.

Postpaid customers who take a GBP 40 or higher package also will be offered a choice of unlimited text messages, unlimited landline calls or unlimited Vodafone to Vodafone calls, as well.
This move essentially sweeps away the last remaining cost barriers to entry for both mobile email and the mobile Internet, helping Vodafone UK to make mobile data more applicable to the mass market, says Emma Mohr-McClune, Current Analysis principal analyst.

The new plan will encourage more users to experiment with the mobile Internet. For customers who do not want the mobile data feature, Vodafone allows a monthly discount of GBP 5.

Standalone mobile data pricing currently runs about GBP 7.50 a month, Mohr-McClune says. "This is the first time" that a U.K. operator has offered bundled mobile Web access and email across its entire pay monthly portfolio, starting at GBP 25 per month.

French Broadband at 94% of Internet Users

One of the enduring claims observers make about the state of U.S. broadband is how woeful it is compared to other nations around the world. Consider France, which deregulated its telecommunications market in 2004, leading to heavy competition. In fact, broadband now is nearly synonymous with Internet use.

In March 2008, 93.5 percent of at-home Internet users in France enjoyed a broadband connection to the Internet, down slightly from the 94.2 percent who did so in the previous year. That's significant. The primary reason consumers buy broadband access is to use the Internet. Someday that will change, but right now broadband really is a way PCs can connect to the Internet.

So 94 percent of all home users of the Internet use broadband to do so. That's serious penetration. So note that about 52.4 percent of French homes had a broadband connection in 2007. That's a bit higher than U.S. broadband penetration, which is just about at 50 percent.

The point is that France has been highly successful at getting broadband adopted by Internet users. Fully 94 percent of all Internet users have broadband.

But note that household penetration is about 52 percent. There seem to be more dial-up users in the U.S. market than in France. But the point is worth noting: household penetration might not be the best way to measure penetration.

A household that doesn't use the Internet is hardly a candidate for broadband aimed at Internet users. The more relevant measure is how far broadband has penetrated homes where the Internet actually is used.

Apple iPhone Sales to Blow Through Roof?

As reported by Silicon Alley Insider, RBC analyst Mark Abramsky thinks Apple will sell 14 million phones this year, up 40 percent from his previous prediction of 10 million and more than eight times the 1.7 million phones the company sold in the first three months of the year. He also thinks Apple will sell 24 million iPhones in 2009.

The 3G model will help. So will new carrier deals in Europe and Asia, broader consumer interest thanks to Apple's forthcoming apps platform, and broader corporate interest.

He also thinks Apple might drop or reduce exclusivity requirements in some markets. This would let people buy iPhones without being forced to use Apple's hand-picked carrier partner.

He also thinks Apple will allow carriers to subsidize pricing, and also will allow sales of unlocked phones.

T-Mobile FINALLY Launches 3G

T-Mobile USA has taken the first commercial step in the roll-out of its third-generation (3G) wireless network, launching its UMTS/HSDPA network in New York City. Also, contrary to some early reports suggesting only voice service might be available immediately, the network will be data-enabled from the start.

T-Mobile plans to continue the rollout of its 3G network across major metropolitan markets through the year. By year's end, T-Mobile expects its high-speed data network will be available in those cities where a majority of its subscribers currently use data services.

Yay!

Femtocells: Technology or Business?

ABI Research projects that 100,000 femtocell units wll ship in 2008. Volume deployments won't begin until 2010, when $100 price points will be possible, in volume. The other issue is whether femtocells are embedded in other widely-used consumer gear, such as Wi-Fi routers.

The really critical issue will be whether initial carrier deployments are supported by robust business models and service plans that extend beyond pure fixed-mobile substitution goals,” says ABI Research vice president and research director Stuart Carlaw.

The issue there is that some innovations are very useful and widely deployed, but don't necessarily create a business model. Wi-Fi is the best example of that. So one has to wonder whether femtocells will wind up being a very-useful technology--reducing service provider investment in macrocells, for example--or whether a new revenue stream of some sort can be created.

The most obvious example would be enhanced ability fo wireless providers to compete effectively in the wireline substitution business, where the new revenue stream is cannibalization of fixed line subscriptions. The other obvious issue is ability to sell voice-optimized fixed line broadband subscriptions.

Enterprise Mashups Coming

Mashup tools have so far been used mostly for simple enterprise applications like adding geographical information--typically Google Maps--to corporate data. But that's changing. IBM, for example, has introduced two offerings for building mashups that pull together data from multiple data bases and applications.

One of the tools is aimed at non-technical users while the other development is a mashup environment. WebSphere sMash supports dynamic scripting languages and widget-development tools. IBM Mashup Center allows business users to drag and drop components from local, enterprise and Web sources to create new applications.

JackBe Corp. and Kapow Technologies also have added support for Excel to existing mashup tools.

JackBe uses a plug-in is connected to a spreadsheet so that whenever data is changed, the Presto server updates the data, allowing the most-current version to be consumed by other applications.

Kapow sells an on-demand enterprise mashup service that allows companies to incorporate data from various Web sites and services directly into Excel spreadsheets.

Same DRM for Windows, Adobe, Silverlight: Widevine

Widevine Technologies has announced immediate availability of Widevine Cypher to protect content delivered to Microsoft Windows Media Player versions 9, 10, 11 and Silverlight versions 1 and 2.

The new capability means content now can be securely delivered in Windows Media, Silverlight and Adobe Flash environments using a single content protection solution. The innovation is an example of lots of the important "wrap around" features that will be necessary if digital content businesses are to be built with any scale.

Internet Use Now Totally Mainstream

More than a third of U.S. consumers born before 1946 (seniors) use the Internet, according to Pew Internet and American Life Project. Pew also said that more than half of the younger members of this group (ages 62 to 71) are online.

Older users also use the Internet for the same reasons younger users do: to stay in touch with other people. Nearly six out of 10 U.S. Internet users 62 and older use search engines. Among other activities, almost one quarter of the group banks or pays bills online and one fifth are video gamers.

Multichannel video, PCs, game consoles, mobile voice and use of the Internet now are totally mainstream.

Use of digital video recorders is nearing that point, as are text messaging and MP3 players.

But there's still a ways to go with other innovations such as VoIP and mobile broadband. Unified communications is no where close to being mainstream. It typically takes three to seven years for a successful mass market digital innovation to reach 50 percent penetration of households.

The big exception is high definition television, which will reach--and surpass--that status virtually overnight as a result of government mandate in February 2009.

As for the thousands of other bleeding-edge applications, most will fail to gain widespread mass market adoption. That's always the case for digital consumer electronics.

67% Growth in VoIP Server Licenses

Whatever instability may be coming in some parts of the U.S. VoIP market, global growth--especially in Europe--is robust. The most recent analysis by iLocus shows 67 percent annual growth in VoIP server licenses sold globally, with traffic up 35 percent.

For the second consecutive year, Europe outpaced rest of the world in VoIP penetration. All major European operators--whether wireline or wireless--have a VoIP offering in place and have announced that they will be deploying IMS platforms.

The difference between deployments in the U.S. and European markets is the attitude and actions of incumbents. In the U.S. market, incumbents have not yet decided to make a major effort to sell VoIP; in Europe that already has happened. Because of carrier reluctance, challengers, especially the cable companies, have made significant market share gains.

What happened in Europe will happen in the U.S. market, however. At some point, AT&T and Verizon will decide to push VoIP aggressively, and the dynamics of the market will shift as much as they have in the fdial-up and broadband access markets, which initially were dominated by independent providers.

But fixed line replacement isn't the only place to watch for change. VoIP as a mobility and Web or enterprise application is early in its development right now. Though it might seem inconceivable, revenues from those sorts of applications will one day be significant. If that is not apparent it is simply because applications and business models in the mobility and Web and software spaces are seminal. Even Skype, as popular as it is, only represents two percent or so of global long-distance traffic, for example. So it will take some time before anybody notices.

Still, note that nearly 25 percent of mobile virtual network operators--wireless providers that do not own their own networks--already offering or testing mobile VoIP. By 2010 more than two thirds say they will have a mobile VoIP offering in place.

Scottsdale Muni Wi-Fi Shuts Down

Scottsdale's muni Wi-Fi network, operated by Wildfire Broadband, has gone out of business, according to the Scottsdale, Arizona-based East Valley Tribune. As has been the case for nearly all other municipal Wi-Fi efforts, the networks have failed to attract enough customers.

It is reason at this point to theorize that mobile broadband--both data cards for PCs and smart phones--arecannibalizing some of the potential demand. Some of the remainder of demand is satisfied by free Wi-Fi at coffee shops, hotels and other locations.

Wi-Fi is a great technology. It just might not be much of a service provider business.