Autonomous Vehicles Do Not Absolutely Require IoT; Traffic Management Does

source: McKInsey

At least in lower volumes, self-driving cars do not absolutely require that robust networks operating at a level above the individual vehicle’s sensors be in place.

Uber’s limited launch of autonomous car service in Pittsburgh shows that.  

Even when autonomous vehicles are much more common, it might be true that telemetry will operate at the vehicle level.

Internet of Things networks and edge computing will probably operate at a more systemic level. For example, it has been estimated that 40 percent of urban vehicle congestion is caused by people looking for parking.

IoT-based systems are perhaps more likely to be used for such broader traffic management functions than individual vehicle safety.  

source: Business Insider

Server Market, Metro and WAN Bandwidth Now Driven by Hyperscale Data Centers

source: Cisco

The global server market now is driven by huge data centers, much as global wide area network bandwidth demand is shaped by those same hyperscale data center sites, while metro traffic likewise is shaped by internal data center traffic and data center-to-data center connections.

"The real driver of global growth continues to be the hyper-scale datacenter segment," Gartner analyst Jeffrey Hewitt noted in a statement releasing the quarterly estimate. "The enterprise and small or mid-size business segments remain relatively flat as end users in these segments accommodated their increased application requirements through virtualization and considered cloud alternatives."

source: Cisco

OTT bypass--when OTT app providers terminate calls through an OTT app that have begun life as a normal fixed or mobile telephone call--could reduce carrier revenues as much as 30 percent, argues Andy Gent, Revector CEO.

OTT bypass affects carrier revenue because the bypass shifts call termination revenue away from telcos and to app providers.

“In the past month we have detected OTT Bypass across the globe with several operators reporting a reduction in termination call revenues of 25 percent, month on month,” said Gent.

“We have seen calls that have been made from one mobile phone number directly to another be received on a Viber app across three different continents and more than 15 network operators and national telecommunications regulators have contacted us regarding this issue in the past two weeks,”Gent said.

In the longer term, IDC expects server market growth to be driven by software-defined, disaggregated systems and network edge-deployed Internet of Things (IoT) compute," said Kuba Stolarski, research director, Computing Platforms at IDC.

By 2019, more than four-fifths (86 percent) of workloads will be processed by cloud data centers; 14 percent will be processed by traditional data centers. Much of that traffic will remain in single in metro areas, rather than crossing the wide area network.

Traffic between data centers is growing faster than either traffic to end-users or traffic within the data center, and by 2018,  traffic between data centers will account for almost nine percent of total data center traffic, up from nearly seven percent at the end of 2013, according to Cisco.

The portion of traffic residing within the data center will decline slightly between 2014 and 2019, accounting for 75.5 percent of data center traffic in 2014 and about 73 percent by 2019, Cisco predicts.

Global Data Center Traffic, 2014–2019
	2014	2015	2016	2017	2018	2019	CAGR 2014–2019
By Type (EB per Year)
Data center to user	613	760	946	1,185	1,495	1,886	25%
Data center to data center	234	321	432	564	723	905	31%
Within data center	2,602	3,342	4,233	5,235	6,358	7,566	24%
By Segment (EB per Year)
Consumer	2,103	2,758	3,550	4,444	5,599	6,885	27%
Business	1,346	1,665	2,061	2,540	2,977	3,472	21%
By Type (EB per Year)
Cloud data center	2,110	2,956	4,017	5,328	6,854	8,622	33%
Traditional data center	1,339	1,467	1,594	1,656	1,722	1,735	5%
Total (EB per Year)
Total data center traffic	3,449	4,423	5,611	6,984	8,576	10,357	25%

source: Cisco

source: Cisco

OTT Bypass a New Revenue Challenge for Mobile Operators

OTT bypass--when OTT app providers terminate calls through an OTT app that have begun life as a normal fixed or mobile telephone call--could reduce carrier revenues as much as 30 percent, argues Andy Gent, Revector CEO.

OTT bypass affects carrier revenue because the bypass shifts call termination revenue away from telcos and to app providers.

“In the past month we have detected OTT Bypass across the globe with several operators reporting a reduction in termination call revenues of 25 percent, month on month,” said Gent.

“We have seen calls that have been made from one mobile phone number directly to another be received on a Viber app across three different continents and more than 15 network operators and national telecommunications regulators have contacted us regarding this issue in the past two weeks,”Gent said.

Smartphone Apps Drive U.S. Content Usage

It will not surprise you that smartphones now are the ways most people interact with the Internet, in developed or developing nations and markets. In the U.S. market, for example, smartphones represent a plurality of Internet content use for nearly every age demographic.

comScore

Big Value of Industrial IoT is Protecting Capital Stock from Damage

source: Business Insider

Lower energy consumption is a value often cited for industrial Internet of Things applications, but protecting expensive equipment from potential damage arguably is the bigger driver of value in the industrial Internet of Things space.

Real time process control is the broad reason why edge computing (fog computing) is important, said David King, Foghorn Software CEO.

The reason process control is so important--beyond efficiency gains--is the value of protecting expensive equipment from damage and downtime.

In some cases, as with high-pressure water pumps, engineers might have only milliseconds to detect and prevent pressure conditions that cause cavitation and bubbles that damage a pump, said Sastry Malladi, Foghorn Systems CTO.

That is hard to do in a traditional cloud computing--rather than edge computing--environment. Communications latency alone can prevent proactive adjustments.

In manufacturing settings, $110,000 machines operate with specific winding tension, said Malladi. Equipment operators have only seconds to take machines offline when the winding tension is off, he added.

The point is that process control managers might have seconds to milliseconds to respond to a problem and modify operations to prevent equipment damage.

In other words, the value proposition includes better energy consumption, or more-efficient operations. But the real value is reducing damage to expensive equipment.

For Unconnected, "Killer App" Already Exists

source: Globalwebindex

Occasionally, one hears observers say that a “killer app” is required to get billions of people interested in using the Internet, assuming other barriers also are diminished (service cost, device cost, language, knowing how to use the Internet).

Others might say it is very clear that social networking is the killer app already in place. “Demand” is not the issue.

In other words, "end user demand" on the part of people who do not routinely use the Internet is not really lacking. People know what they want to do. We just have to build networks to deliver it, at prices people are willing and able to pay.

Network Interconnection Now is a Business Model Issue in India

Network interconnection is more than a technical process whereby companies connect their networks. The business rules for exchanging traffic can help some providers and harm other providers.

As Reliance Jio prepares to enter the India mobile market, interconnection rules once again are highlighted as a material contributor to firm revenues and business models. The Telecom Regulatory Authority of India, for example, is taking a look at termination charges.

There is some possibility TRAI could recommend essentially eliminating interconnection charges. That would reduce revenue for the largest mobile companies in India, and reduce cost for Reliance Jio.

The reason is simply that when networks of unequal size exchange traffic, the large networks always will, on balance, terminate many more calls than the small carriers.

At the same time, the small networks will mostly originate traffic, and will get relatively small amounts of terminating traffic from the big networks.

So low or zero-rated termination helps small carriers, and hurts big carriers, since it is the big carriers that terminate most traffic.

If Reliance Jio plans to offer “no incremental cost” (“free”) domestic calling, then interconnection charges to terminate those calls on other networks has to be set at “no incremental cost” levels as well, at a high level, or else Reliance Jio will subsidize every minute of use.