700 MHz Rules: More Impact than Carterfone

Though some might really have preferred mandatory wholesale rules for a portion of the 700 MHz spectrum, the "Carterfone" style "any compliant device can be attached to the network" provision will have much more impact than did Carterfone. Carterfone lead to widespread use of modems on the public network, initially by business customers who did not have to "ask permission" to do so. Consumers initially could "buy and own" their own phones instead of renting them from the phone company.

We also might credit the rise of much of the Interconnect and business phone system business to Carterfone.

Then, because modems could be used, we can further say that Carterfone helped pave the way for creation of the Internet itself. First dial-up access, then broadband access, became possible because of Carterfone. Because of broadband the visual and now semantic Web developed. These are significant effects, indeed.

But the 700 MHz spectrum should ultimately have more impact. We assume the C block will be assembled into a national network. We assume a high-quality, low-latency core, with short access "tails," and full mobility across the whole network.

The near-term impact will be significant. Device manufacturers will benefit, since they simply have to build equipment that complies with the technical specs. Users will benefit since they can use any handsets they choose. But there will be more impact, fairly shortly.

Because the new network will be based on IP (as well as Ethernet), there will be ways to provide VoIP, even if network operators try to wall off all voice services in the traditional walled garden. Technological cleverness will take care of that problem.

That is going to create a potential new "offer leader" in wireless. And recall that AT&T's "Digital One Rate" completely reshaped industry-wide packaging and pricing, not simply some of AT&T's offerings. The C block network potentially lays the framework for a service provider with some scale to reshape consumer expectations of what things should cost and how they should be packaged.

More significantly, the C block network potentially allows a provider some latitude to redefine the customer experience as well, creating new expectations of what media "should" be available, how they should work together and what the "right" price is for such capabilities.

We can't really predict what other developments might occur. I don't think one would have extrapolated the creation of the World Wide Web or VoIP from Carterfone. I don't think it is yet possible to extrapolate from the wireless equivalent of Carterfone, either.

But this is a bigger deal than most people assume. It just will take a while before the wider ramifications are seen. And by the time it happens, nobody will remember a relatively "small" regulatory decision.

No Wholesale? No Surprise

To almost nobody's surprise, the 700 MHz auction will not have a mandatory wholesale provision. We might argue that a robust "third" or "fourth" or "fifth" pipe would result. What is harder to argue is that any such pipe provider would be able to make the investments required, operate its network at a high level of quality and still return the required returns to investors.

Other wireless infrastructure initiatives highlight the problem. After reporting a $16.3 million second-quarter loss last week, EarthLink reiterated that it was reassessing its municipal wireless business. Revenue is the issue.

"Until we're confident that we can build new networks and get an acceptable return, we will delay any further new buildouts," CEO Rolla Huff said.

EarthLink has been one of the biggest builders of city wireless networks, with projects built or in the works in 13 municipalities around the U.S., according to its Web site.

The problem with wholesale access business models is simply that it is so difficult to earn an adequate return. In a competitive market, a provider needs both significant penetration and reasonable margin (40 percent is a common threshold). Wholesale makes that tough.

Video Behavior Changes After FTTH

This will not come as any great surprise, but the three top applications customers use when they get fiber to the home service are watching full-length video, online gaming and video on demand. If one looks at the top four activities, video represents three of four applications. Of the top seven apps, five are video apps. So suggests a survey conducted by the Fiber to the Home Council.

Voice Continues Wireless Shift

Wireless access "lines" not only outnumber wired lines by a three to one margin, wireless accounts now blow away wired lines in terms of growth, say researchers at the Organization for Economic Cooperation and Development. Which explains the attention now paid to seamless experiences in either the voice or Web realms. If so many people are going to spend so much time in mobile settings, then the things they might do on a PC or desktop phone have to be available on their mobile devices. Ideally, the context a user expects in a stationary or tethered experience also would be replicated in the mobile context as well. Price, while always a factor in a buying decision, is a matter of "hygiene."

If the price is wrong, no sale occurs. But price is not something that can make a user happy. Think of price as something that instead prevents a user from being "unhappy."

But even the right price makes a user "happy." The things that make users happy are on a different plane, entirely. Coolness, features, form factor, user interface and lots of other things people find they can do with a service and device are the essential parameters for driving "happiness." And the attempt to find "happiness" is what drives the purchase.

If you want people to buy something you make, you have to remember that "happiness" and "hygiene" are not on the same continuum. There are two different scales, and you have to be on the right side of each scale.

TeleBlend: More Steps to Ensure SunRocket Transition

In an effort to ensure it has the resources in place to manage a fairly sizable inflow of former SunRocket customers, should that occur, TeleBlend executives have signed an agreement with Sherwood Partners, the entity winding down SunRocket, for hardware and software assets that will make any customer transition seamless.

TeleBlend, a “preferred” provider for former SunRocket customers, is offering these customers a heavily discounted monthly subscription rate of $12.95 for the duration of their previous annual contract with SunRocket.

We won't know more until this afternoon, but it seems logical to assume the deal gives TeleBlend ensured access to in-service analog terminal adapters and the provisioning and operating systems used to keep them in service, at least through any transition period where customers are moved over the existing TeleBlend back office and network.

The agreeement does not seem to affect the earlier "preferred supplier" deals Sherwood struck with Packet8 and TeleBlend.

Verizon Bends on Net Neutrality

Lowell McAdam, chief executive of Verizon Wireless, says the company would agree to 700 MHz spectrum auction rules requiring the network operator who wins a portion of the spectrum to allow any device onto its network.

Such a nod to the wireless equivalent of "Carterfone" suggests Verizon now believes some such requirement will be part of license rules for the 700 MHz frequencies. The compromise won't go far enough to satisfy contestants who think a mandatory wholesale regime is needed.

But the move would for the first time allow users to buy and use virtually any device of their choosing on the network. As much as wireless carriers might like to preserve their ability to lock all devices used on their networks, device independence would be quite helpful for end users, application developers and device manufacturers, since it would allow some degree of innovation without the direct cooperation of the network services provider.

Verizon draws the line at guarantees that all games, video and the Web applications on the new phones or devices will work on anything other than a best effort basis, in essence, however. Verizon also said it would reserve the right to continue blocking certain applications and features for phones it sells, if it were to operate networks under such rules.

at&t earlier had signaled that it wasn't going to stand in the way of such rules. Some people might not think half a loaf is worth having. But Carterphone was a very important advance, as this also would be. Verizon arguably would not be shifting its stance were it not convinced the move is inevitable in any case.

SunRocket, Vonage Not the Whole Story

As much as people think VoIP providers (other than cable) have got traction problems in the U.S. market, that is far from the case elsewhere. In western Europe, for example, independent VoIP providers are not only the market share leaders, but their share of market might actually be increasing, even though major incumbent telcos are actively in the market as well.

And where U.S. cable providers including Comcast, Cox, Time Warner and Cablevision are the new driving force for VoIP-driven POTS replacement, that is hardly the case in western Europe, where cable operators still have relatively slight market share.

Still, there is no denying the traction problem. According to analysts at TeleGeography, VoIP growth already has hit a plateau in the U.S. market. In western Europe growth rates not only have accelerated but might not hit a peak until 2008, says TeleGeography.

Hence the interest in VoIP 2.0, the integration of voice services with Web and enterprise applications, portals, email, documents, gaming and other end user experiences.

EarthLink, Helio, Muni WiFi

Given that Earthlink essentially admits it now is more than a bit unfocused, and that something has to be done about it, it is pretty easy to predict that Helio and the municipal WiFi initiatives have to go. Earthlink will keep dial-up as a cash cow. It does just fine in the Digital Subscriber Line business and VoIP is not bleeding either. That pretty much leaves losses at Helio, which doesn't appear poised to make major subscriber gains any time soon, or the municipal WiFi business, which is in roughly the same position.

And one has to assume Earthlink will ultimately be set up for a sale. In such scenarios, long-term investments that drain cash are a no-no.

Something has to go. EarthLink now expects a loss of $110 million to $140 million for the year on revenue of $1.23 billion to $1.24 billion. Back out municipal WiFi and Helio losses and that problem takes care of itself.

Earthlink had a second-quarter loss, due to mounting losses at its Helio wireless joint venture and lower revenue from dial-up services. Earthlink says its Helio cellphone business exceeded the 100,000 subscriber milestone in the quarter, but the unit's losses mounted. Helio, a joint venture with South Koreas' SK Telecom, posted a loss of $83.8 million on revenue of $33.2 million.

Earthlink had a loss of $16.3 million, or 13 cents a share, compared with a profit of $16.6 million, or 12 cents, a year earlier. Earthlink said revenue for the quarter fell 6% to $312.2 million from $332.1 million a year ago.

Sure, there were continued losses in the dial-up area, but that's expected. At the end of June, the company had 4.3 million dial-up and broadband subscribers, down from 5.3 million a year ago.

Earthlink is a profitable Internet access company if the wireless and muni WiFi iniatives are abandoned. If you assume the assets are positioned for ultimate sale, that's a clean story.

BroadSoft Aastra: Man Bites Dog

Aastra Intecom, a provider of PBX-BASED enterprise communications and contact center solutions for large enterprises, now has a strategic alliance with BroadSoft. Aastra, which supports hundreds of thousands of enterprise voice systems, will use BroadSoft’s carrier-grade BroadWorks VoIP platform as the foundation for new next-generation IP-PBX solutions it will deliver directly to large enterprises.

So here's the "man bites dog" angle: in the past, enterprise suppliers have offered a richer menu of features than a large enterprise could buy from a communications service provider. To my knowledge, this is the first time a major PBX supplier has turned to a carrier platform to enrich its enterprise offering.

Joost Chooses Level 3

Level 3 Communications has been selected by Joost to provide content delivery services for the new Internet television service. Under the terms of the agreement, Level 3 will provide Joost with network solutions including high speed Internet access and colocation services in North America and Europe. Level 3 has made a big commitment to providing CDN services and can claim, by means of its (former Vyvx)broadcast video services unit, to be supplying top U.S. cable and over-the-air broadcasters with a significant part of their overall backhaul and studio feed operations. The Joost deal will not make or break Level 3's CDN business or strategy. But it is a nice customer to have.

Both 40 and 100 Gbps Ethernet, It Appears

It appears the IEEE is going to proceed with 40 Gbps and 100 Gbps Ethernet standards. Which strongly suggests there also someday will be a 120 Gbps standard, since it maps nicely with the 40 Gbps standard server vendors prefer for short distance connections between switches and servers.

The next logical step for the 100 Gbps suppliers, which tend to favor that standard for long haul and wide area network transport, isn't so clear. Following the 1, 10, 100 paradigm would suggest 1,000 Gbps, but nobody is talking about that right now. Bandwidth in the 400 Gbps up to 500 Gbps range is the sort of "next step."

Growth By Acquisition Works for at&t

Growth by acquisition clearly has been working for at&t, which is probably why executives there will stay on course with the strategy. The company reported a whopping 61 percent increase in second-quarter profit after $140 billion in acquisitions almost doubled revenue. This is an old strategy many competitive local exchange carriers attempted in the early 2000s, largely without success. Of course, CLECs had different problems. Investors were pushing them to grow fast, and organic growth obviously wasn't going to work. There also were more providers than customers (that's a bit of an exaggeration, but not much of one).

It remains to be seen how well the contrasting Verizon and at&t strategies work out. Verizon essentially is betting its future on the superiority of its wired assets, while not neglecting its wireless assets. at&t arguably is investing in acquisitions that lean in the direction of wireless while economizing on its wireless upgrades.

Growth By Acquisition Works for at&t

Growth by acquisition clearly has been working for at&t, which is probably why executives there will stay on course with the strategy. The company reported a whopping 61 percent increase in second-quarter profit after $140 billion in acquisitions almost doubled revenue. This is an old strategy many competitive local exchange carriers attempted in the early 2000s, largely without success. Of course, CLECs had different problems. Investors were pushing them to grow fast, and organic growth obviously wasn't going to work. There also were more providers than customers (that's a bit of an exaggeration, but not much of one).

Amp'd Customers Were a Collections Nightmare

Amp'd customers were heavy data consumers. Unfortunately, they also tended not to pay their bills. Amp'd apparently experienced an unprecedented growth of subscribers between November 2006, and February 2007 after running ads on MTV about the wireless phone company's lineup of mobile music and video content.

"Approximately 90 percent of the debtor's customers were on 18-month service contracts," according to Amp'd. By May this year, the number of nonpaying customers reached 80,000. That's nearly half of Amp'd's current customer base of 175,000 subscribers.

The filing in U.S. Bankruptcy Court in Delaware, which says the company owes more than $100 million to creditors, including Verizon Wireless. Since Verizon is one of the largest creditors, it might make sense for Verizon to salvage something out of the mess, and acquire the 50 percent of customers who actually do pay their bills, and exhibit behavior Verizon wants to encourage.

Allo Goes Dark

Allo.com, a small independent VoIP provider based in British Columbia, went live in February. It apparently now is going dark. Five months.