The Web is Getting More Social, Google Says

No surprise then that Google, one way or the other, will "get more social" in response.

Users Now Spend 22% of Their Online Time With Social Media

Three of the world’s most popular brands online are social-media related (Facebook, YouTube and Wikipedia) and the world now spends over 110 billion minutes on social networks and blog sites, according to Nielsen.

This equates to 22 percent of all time online or one in every four and half minutes. For the first time ever, social network or blog sites are visited by three quarters of global consumers who go online, after the numbers of people visiting these sites increased by 24 percent over last year.

;The average visitor spends 66 percent more time on these sites than a year ago, almost 6 hours in April 2010 versus 3 hours, 31 minutes last year.

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Business Marketing Shifts, Social Gains

Business marketing always embraces activities other than advertising, but there is growing evidence that some amount of advertising budgets are being shifted to other marketing channels, including various types of social media. Outsell estimates that marketing on social networks will grow 43.3 percent in 2010. Forrester Research predicts that B2B firms will spend $54 million on social media marketing in 2014, up from just $11 million in 2009.

And though some business spending is shifting to advertising on social networks, banners, text ads and search advertising, as well as the more targeted advertising being deployed by Facebook and MySpace, is a small portion of B2B marketers’ social spending.

When companies budget for social media marketing in 2010 and beyond, a substantial portion of their expenses will go toward other initiatives, such as creating and maintaining a branded profile page, managing promotions or public relations outreach within a social network, and measuring the effect of a social network presence on brand health and sales, says Evelyn Jung, eMarketer researcher.

In 2009, B2B marketers spent the largest portion of their social media budgets on customer communities, followed by podcasts and blogs. These tactics allow B2B marketers to share more relevant product or service information with their customers than they could with other social tools.

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When Links are Useful; and When They Are Not

Links are useful, up to a point, some might argue. The link is a technologically advanced form of a footnote. It's also, distraction-wise, a more-intrusive form of a footnote.

People who read hypertext comprehend and learn less, studies show, than those who read the same material in printed form. The more links in a piece of writing, the bigger the hit on comprehension.

Rough Type: Nicholas Carr's Blog: Experiments in delinkification

Social Networking and Brand Building: B2C Works Better than B2B

The top 10 brands on Facebook, according to number of fans suggests a couple of obvious "lessons" for marketers. All of the top-10 brands are in the consumer space, and all tend to have "enterprise" size marketing budgets. Facebook itself is in the top position, but ignoring that, the list looks like:

#2 Starbucks 7,266,488 Fans
#3 Coca-Cola 5,567,046 Fans
#4 YouTube 5,114,322 Fans
#5 Red Bull 3,727,372 Fans
#6 Disney 3,488,088 Fans
#7 Victoria’s Secret 3,470,724 Fans
#8 Converse 2,749,691 Fans
#9 McDonald’s 2,270,109 Fans
#10 H&M 2,062,377 Fans
#11 MTV 1,924,744 Fans"

In the business-to-business space, and especially for any firm that is small or mid-sized, Twitter probably is a better bet.

Is Social Media a New Way to Build a Brand? | Millennial Marketing:

Marketers Still Can't Measure Social Media Return on Investment

Analytics continue to be an obstacle to heavier use of online, social media and mobile marketing campaigns, a new survey by Omniture suggests.


About 80 percent of survey respondents believe the ability to measure return on investment from online marketing activities is important, but only 31 percent of marketers can effectively measure it today.

About 86 percent of respondents think the conversion rate from online marketing activities is important to measure, but 25 percent cannot effectively measure it.



Only about 30 percent of marketers using mobile channels are able to measure mobile app conversions and, overall, only 23 percent say they are "very satisfied" with their current mobile measurement capabilities. That suggests there is pent-up demand for easier to use and easier to measure mobile marketing support.

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What Works Better for Marketing Campaigns: Twitter or Facebook?

After studying Twitter and Facebook as business marketing vehicles, Irbtrax says "Twitter performed better in the general business to business marketing category due to its viral marketing benefits."

But Facebook performed better in the business to business marketing category for select companies that are 'personalities'. In other words, "hot" products or services with high user inmvolvement can use Facebook in ways that other firms cannot. That also means Facebook likely is better for consumer products.

The study concluded that it is not even necessary to have a large group of Twitter followers to benefit from Twitter's viral marketing advantages. Twitter also might be better for real-time promotions, events, special offers or location-based offers, the study suggests.

The study concludes that both work, and that it is best to create a presence on both. But extrapolating from the findings, one might argue that a business-to-business campaign is better suited to Twitter, while consumer products might fare better on Facebook. That especialy would be true for products without a high degree of personal and emotional involvement.

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Twitter Users Want News, MySpace Users Do Not, Unless it is Celebrity News

Twitter is a social networking medium, but it also is a news distribution mechanism, it appears. A new stydy by Chitika shows Twitterers mostly consume news while MySpace users want games and entertainment.

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Facebook also is a news site, but less so than Twitter is. About half the traffic (47 percent) that Twitter generates falls into the news category. In fact, Twitter users’ interest in the news genre surpasses that of Facebook users by nearly 20 percent, which would appear to make it the number-one social network for news-focused users.

MySpace users, on the other hand, seem to have no interest in news whatsoever. Instead, MySpace members seem to prefer video games (28 percent) and celebrity and entertainment content (23 percent).

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The Creative Age is Different, Way Different

General Motors isn't Facebook. Heck, it isn't even Cisco or Microsoft. But neither are any of those companies like Facebook. I don't mean "like Facebook" in financial, social or cultural terms. Facebook is unlike other companies in the way that it creates a product. Most companies create products using some combination of internal resources ("employees") and business partners ("suppliers").

Most companies can tell you who "works for the company" and who does not. What is different about Facebook, and Wikipedia, Google and YouTube is that the "product" is produced by all sorts of people, both inside a "company," inside its "partner suppliers," and from "outside the company." What makes Facebook's product different is that "users" must participate to create a better and more useful product.

That might be true for any sizable organization, to some extent. Consumers help shape products when they decide to buy some more than others, and some not at all. Consumers help products evolve when they start to use products in new and unexpected ways.

But Facebook and others with a "social" product cannot develop with passive or secondary input. They require active creation of content, links and networks by participants. Not every product can be produced in this way. But it is a so-far distinctive attribute of products produced in a "post-information age" era.

Some might call the upcoming era the "creative" era, to differentiate it from the information age. Collaboration is a key cultural attribute of firms that create social products. Facebook depends on users, developers to create its product, which is an experience.

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Why and How Businesses Use Social Media

Social media marketing is a developing art form. In fact, you almost would find it odd that budgets to support social marketing and mobile social marketing are growing on a fairly widespread basis even though a majority of companies have difficulty measuring the return on investment from social media.

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In fact, according to a recent survey of marketing executives by Econsultancy, 61 percent say their organizations are “poor” (34 percent) or “very poor” (27 percent) at measuring social media ROI.

According to the Econsultancy survey, 61 percent report that they “have experimented with social media, but not done that much.”

A quarter say they are “heavily involved in social media”, while the remaining 13 percent are not engaging with social media at all.

So why are marketers using social and mobile social media? They do so for the same reasons they use other marketing channels: generation of sales and leads as well as softer objectives such as improved brand awareness and reputation.

As an intermediate objective, social media efforts often are measured by their ability to drive traffric to company Web sites. "Increased traffic to a Web site is the business goal that marketers are most likely to be trying to influence through social media marketing," says Econsultancy. Fully 74 percent of companies say they use social media to increase Web site traffic.

"Direct traffic to Web site is by far the metric most commonly used to measure the impact of offsite social media, measured by just under two-thirds of company respondents (63 percent)," says Econsultancy.

More brand recognition (64 percent) is the second most important business objective in terms of impact of social media. A similar proportion of respondents (62 percent) cite better brand reputation. And that might be a big part of the reason why social media is used.

Just over half of companies (56 percent) say that they try to achieve increased sales through social media activity. But only a quarter of companies (24 percent) use sales as a metric for measuring social media effectiveness.

Earned Media to Grow Most in 2010, Survey Finds

Earned media spending will see the biggest increases in spending in 2010, a new survey of brand marketing professionals by the Society of Digital Agencies finds. "Earned media" refers to refers to favorable publicity gained through promotional efforts other than advertising, as opposed to paid media, which refers to publicity gained through advertising. Increasing use of social media accounts for much of the change.

About 81 percent of the brand executives expect an increase in digital projects in 2010, and half will be moving dollars from traditional to digital budgets. Further, more than 75 percent think the current economy will push more allocations to digital formats.

Senior marketers reported that social networks and applications were their biggest priority for 2010, for example.

“Unpaid, earned, proprietary” media spending has seen the sharpest rise, with nearly 20 percent of respondents reporting increases of more than 30 percent.

33% of Users Will Post to Social Networking Sites Such as Twitter

The thing about social or online media is that people use media in different ways. In fact, even thinking about those ways has to be updated from time to time. Twitter and other social networks provide an example. Analysts at Forrester Research have for a couple years used the notion of "social technographics" to describe the different ways people interact with Web content.

Up to this point the focus has been Web sites and blogs. But now social networking is part of the model, as Forrester has added a new category, "conversationalists," to the framework. About a third of people will update their status information on a social networking site or post updates to Twitter.

That is more people than the 24 percent of people who actually publish a blog, for example, while 70 percent read them.

About 59 percent of people maintain a profile on a social networking site or visit social networking sites. About 37 percent post reviews or ratings, leave comments or contribute to online forums.

The analysis tries to describe ranges of online social media behavior, which has lots of people consuming content and relatively fewer creating it.

Conversationalists are 56 percent female, more than any other group in the framework.

Aside from the idea that people have different levels of involvement in the social media content creation process, the new category illustrates an important new feature of social media: the ability to create, sustain and promote conversations.

Are Social Networks More Like Email or Google?

Social networks already have become a lead application for mobile devices. A new study by Accenture finds that “increased demand for smart connected wireless devices such as smartphones is being driven by social-networking applications," in both developed and developing economies.

But you likely still can get a good argument about whether social networking is a "feature" or a business model. Email for the most part remains a "feature." Early in the development of the dial-up business, email was so important it actually drove adoption of Internet access. These days, with the advent of Web mail and business and organization email, it simply is a feature, but not a direct revenue model (except for providers of email hardware and software).

Google and other Web mail providers have started building an advertising revenue stream, but it largely is ancillary.

The same sort of argument can be made about social networking applications. Skeptics point to Twitter, Facebook, MySpace,  Bebo and Geocities, which either are struggling to create a business model, or have been shut down.

Optimists might say that although many attempts will fail, a normal situation for the Internet applications business, one or two of the players will discover a sustainable business model and possibly even achieve "Google" style success.

Most believe advertising will be significant, and skeptics say social networks are not conducive to most types of display advertising, for example.

That would explain why no social networking company has yet emerged as a public company: there is not yet a viable business model.

It is possible that some new model will be discovered in time. Twitter, for example, is nearly at breakeven as a result of a search results deals with Google and Bing. That's not a complete answer, but it helps.

It is not yet possible to determine the final outcome. It is conceivable that some social networks will drive so much engagement and value that some will be acquired by larger firms able to leverage the networks to deepen and extend their other existing business models. In that scenario social networking winds up more like email than Google.

Right now, it likely is a coin toss which model is most believed.

Brands ARE Media These Days

Brands are media companies these days, many marketers would argue. That's a huge shift in thinking from an older world where third parties did "media," and then brands simply advertised in those media.

These days, more and more companies are becoming publishers or content providers in their own right, bypassing "media" outlets.

"The fundamentals of media business are toppling as their 20th century foundations crumble," says Mark Mulligan, Forrester Research VP. "Consumers are falling out of love with paying for media and striking up illicit affairs with free content, not just because it is free, but also because it is on their terms."

This is great news for consumers but terrible news for media businesses that have spent years building revenues upon near-monopolistic control of supply of content, says Mulligan.

"Why all this matters to brands is because the tectonic shifts in media value chains are creating exciting new opportunities for non-media companies to become media companies themselves," Mulligan says.

Just as Apple transformed from hardware company to media services company with the launch of the iTunes Store, so too are brands such as Procter and Gamble with BeingGirl.com, Tommy Hilfiger with Tommy TV and Audi with its UK TV channel.

Why are brands such as these choosing to become media companies? Because they can. Blogs, Web publishing, smartphones, tablets, e-book readers, netbooks and other tools providing access to the Internet allow firms to create media sites as easily as old-line publishers can.

It takes a Web site, but every firm has one these days. It takes an ability to create or aggregate content, but that's easier these days as well, with real simple syndication and other news feeds. But brands also are simply creating their own writing staffs as well.

And the logic of doing so likely makes more sense as well, as audiences fragment. If specialized audiences are what you want to reach, Web publishing makes lots of sense. Instead of creating and placing advertisements that might or might not hit the target audience, brands can create their own content sites, producing their own "media" and then placing messages and interacting in other ways with their intended audiences.

In the new world, the dividing line between "media" and "brand" is more fuzzy.

Social Media Now Regularly Used by 65% of People at Work

Social media are well used in virtually every industry vertical, reports Business.com. Nearly 65 percent of respondents reported using social media as part of their normal work routine, including reading blogs, visiting business profiles on sites like Facebook or LinkedIn or using Twitter to find information and/or communicate about business-related matters.

Among respondents using social media for business purposes in their day-to-day jobs, 62 percent visit company or brand profiles on social networking sites and 55 percent search for business information on these sites.

Among those using any form of social media to find business-relevant information, the most popular activity is attending webinars or listening to podcasts (69 percent) followed by reading ratings or reviews for business products or services (62 percent).

The least popular activities are saving business-related links on social bookmarking sites (28 percent) and participating in discussions on third-party web sites (29 percent).

Experienced social media pros are likely to be astounded that over half of respondents indicated that they participate in online business communities or forums. This is far higher than the typical two-percent participation rate among monthly visitors to online communities. This difference may be due to how study respondents understood the word “participate”, possibly interpreting it as “visit," rather than "post."

Facebook is the dominant social network on which consumer-focused companies maintain one or more profiles, cited by 83 percent of respondents versus 45 percent for Twitter. B2B companies, however, maintain a presence on both platforms with 77 percent maintaining a profile on Facebook and 73 percent on Twitter.

Consultants and marketing communications professionals are the most active users of social media as a resource for business information, particularly in smaller firms. IT professionals have the lowest participation rate.

The average company in this study was planning, developing or running seven different social media initiatives; 65 percent of respondents staffing those initiatives, and 71 percent of companies themselves, have less than two years of experience with social media for business.

Building brand awareness and brand reputation are two of the top social media success metrics.

B2C firms, though, were ahead in a few areas: social media advertising, user ratings and reviews, and online communities for customers and prospects.

Both business-to-consumer and business-to-business companies are rapidly adopting social media, unable to ignore a major destination of Internet users, Business.com says. But the two types of firms have different social site usage patterns.

Not only were B2B firms more likely overall to maintain a social network profile, they were managing profiles across more social sites and were significantly more likely to be present on Twitter, LinkedIn and YouTube.

B2C companies were better represented on Facebook and MySpace.

Small Business Commits to Social Media, Email, Search

About 75 percent of small businesses will increase their spending on email marketing in 2010, while nearly 70 percent will spend more on social media, according to VerticalResponse.

The findings might not suggest small businesses are spending wildly. In most cases the firms likely are testing new media. But the testing seems very widespread.

Almost all businesses with 500 or fewer employees will use email marketing next year, the company says. Only 3.8 percent of small business executives say they will not be using email marketing in 2010.

More than 70 percent also indicated they would not use TV or radio advertising.

Search advertising is used by about 72 percent of small businesses, but banner advertising is used by about 40 percent of small businesses, VerticalResponse says.

Facebook, Twitter and YouTube, as well as other social media sites, are used by about 78 percent of small businesses, the firm says.

Does Social Media Advertising Work?

Some observers rightly will ask whether "free to use" social networks can survive forever without a clear revenue model of some sort. The general expectation is that viable revenue models can be created using some forms of advertising or marketing by brands hoping to reach their potential customers.

So far, the evidence is mixed, if promising. Reasonable observers will note that the way advertising or marketing messages are handled will be crucial. But lots of major retailers alread are betting that social marketing will pay off.

Telecommunications firms, Web media, retailers, financial and entertainment firms, automotive and health companies are among the companies already making use of advertising or other social network promotional opportunities.

Still, social media advertising and marketing remains a "work in progress." A new study by MomConnection provides evidence on that score. According to recent findings from MomConnection.com, 60 percent of users report having used a social network in the past 24 hours, turning to online communities and social networks for advice, support and connection.

But the survey also suggests that they do not use social networks as a resource when it comes to product decision-making. In other words, social networks are used to share information about products users already have experience with, rather than to choose new products they have not used before.

Moms are four times more likely to turn to their personal offline network of friends and family than online social networks for product recommendations and buying advice.

The study found that social networks are not a channel where most moms are receptive to gathering product information, but rather is largely for entertainment and personal communication.

Still, the results suggest that social networks might be growing in influence. About 24 percent of respondents indicated that they have used Facebook for product information and buying advice, while five percent have used Myspace for product information, while three percent have used Twitter.  

The survey also found that the respondents interact with brands on a surprisingly high level, actively requesting information and resources from the companies whose products they use. Some 81 percent have visited a brand's Web site for more information while 65 percent have signed up to receive a newsletter from a brand.

Some 36 percent have posted a link or joined a fan group on Facebook. Also, it appears that users become important "influencers" once they have formed an opinion about products and services. About 94 percent of respondents report they give advice to other moms in at least one product category.

9% of SMBs Use Twitter for Marketing

About nine percent of small and medium-sized businesses currently use Twitter to market their businesses, say researchers at BIA/Kelsey.  In addition, 32 percent of SMBs indicated they plan to include social media in their marketing mix in the next 12 months by using a page on a social site such as Facebook, LinkedIn or MySpace.

Furthermore, 39 percent of SMBs plan to include customer ratings or reviews on their own Web sites, and 31 percent plan to include links or ads placed on social sites or blogs.

"Social media is clearly gaining traction among SMB advertisers," says Steve Marshall, director of research and consulting, BIA/Kelsey.

You might not be surprised if any study suggests Twitter is used disproportionately by younger people. What the BIA/Kelsey study suggests it also is used by "younger businesses."

About 16 percent of SMBs in business three years or less say they use Twitter for marketing or promotion. About 11 percent of SMBs in business four to six years say they use Twitter for such purposes.

Some six percent of SMBs in business seven to 10 years say they use Twitter for some form of marketing while just two percent of firms in business for 11 or more years say they do so.

Social Media, Networking Now 17% of Total Internet Use

Social networking and blogging sites accounted for 17 percent (about one in every six minutes) of all time spent on the Internet in August 2009, nearly three times as much as in 2008, according to the Nielsen Company.

“This growth suggests a wholesale change in the way the Internet is used,” says Jon Gibs, Nielsen VP. “While video and text content remain central to the Web experience, the desire of online consumers to connect, communicate and share is increasingly driving the medium’s growth.”

The popularity of social networking sites such as Facebook, MySpace, Twitter, LinkedIn, and Classmates.com more than quadrupled from 2005 to 2009 as well. In September 2009, Facebook had 90 million U.S. users and 300 million users worldwide. Also, those users increased the amount of time spent on social sites 83 percent from 2008 to 2009, Nielsen says.

As always is the case, marketing and advertising efforts "follow people."  U.S. advertisers spent an estimated $1.4 billion to place ads on social networking sites in 2008 and advertising expenditures are predicted to rise to $2.6 billion by 2012.

More specificially, advertisers in some verticals made huge new commitments to social media as an advertising medium. The entertainment vertical, for example, increased its spending 812 percent year over year. The travel industry increased its spending 364 percent, year over year.

To be sure, aggregate social site advertising remains a small percentage of overall ad spending. But rapid growth is the story.

Mobile Social Networking Doubles

About 10 percent of social network interactions now occur on mobile devices, compared to five percent 12 months ago, Forrester Research notes.

Interestingly, that is just about the same percentage of U.S. consumers who use mobile devices to interact with their email. According to a study by Epsilon, about nine percent of North American users do so.

Both of those trends have implications, bearing directly on how much people can substitute mobile access for fixed PC access to applications.

That in turn has implications for the design of Web services and applications that can be optimized for mobile use.